Archive for the ‘National Parks and Monuments’ Category

One Less Yellowstone Cutthroat

While travel along the Jackson Hole Highway near Oxbow Bend, we encountered a Great Blue Heron fishing in the Snake River.  Due to its unique geographical location as a wide shallow bend in the Snake River, Oxbow Bend is a target-rich environment for photographers.  During the spring, Moose, Deer, Coyote, Coots, Cranes, Grebes, Herons, Pelican, and many smaller birds can all readily be observed here.

The fishing strategy of the Great Blue Heron, Ardea herodias, involves a slow wadding stealth walk.  When a fish is spotted the long sharp beak snaps shut around the fish and holds it securely.  The fish is then swallowed hole.  The quarry here is the much-sought-after Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri).

In the this sequence of images, we observe the entire process, from capture through consumption.  The result…one well-fed Heron, and one less Snake River Cutthroat Trout.

Images in this entry were recorded at ~18:00 MDT on June 2, 2011, using the Nikon D700 and the AF-S NIKKOR 600mm f/4G ED VR lens with the AF-S Teleconverter TC-14E II – that’s 1275mm effective.  Processing included capture sharpening using PhotoKit Sharpener, blending the blue channel into the red channel in luminosity blending mode, followed by contrast enhancement of the red and green channels using curves adjustments again in luminosity mode to preserve the native color balance.  Additional contrast enhancement was applied using Nik Viveza 2 and light edge darkening was applied using Nik Color Efex Pro 3.

For additional information on the Great Blue Heron, interested readers are encouraged to refer to the following resources:

All About Birds:  http://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/great_blue_heron/id

NatGeo Wild Animals:  http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/birds/great-blue-heron/

Peterson Guides:  http://www.houghtonmifflinbooks.com/peterson/

Sibley Guides:  http://www.sibleyguides.com/about/the-sibley-guide-to-birds/

Wikipedia Page:  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Blue_Heron

 Copyright 2011 Peter F. Flynn. No usage permitted without prior written consent. All rights reserved.

Brown-Headed Cowbirds in GTNP

Brown-Headed Cowbirds propagate by a most remarkable mechanism.  These birds practice brood parasitism, e.g., female Cowbirds lay their eggs in the nests of other birds.  Brood parasitism within a particular species is apparently common, e.g., a female bird which has lost its nest may lay its egg in the nest of the same species (Sibley).  In the more extreme example of brood parasitism, of which the Cowbird is an accepted style-type, birds of a parasitic species never build their own nest, but exclusively place their eggs in the nests of other birds.

Cowbirds derive their name from their tendency to follow herds of Bison or cattle.  A significant portion of the bird diet  is based on the insects that are flushed into the air by herds of grazing Bison or cattle – such herds are constantly moving in search of fresh grasses.  Thus brood parasitism in this species is believed to be the solution to the problem of being constantly on the move, and the consequent inability to maintain (their own) stable nests.

We found these birds in the Willow Flats Overlook parking area, Grand Teton National Park.  Images of the male (upper) and female (lower) Brown-Headed Cowbirds were recorded at 16:00 MDT on June 4, 2011, using the Nikon D3s and the AF-S VR Zoom-NIKKOR 200-400mm f/4G IF-ED at 400mm. Exposures were at f/7.1 and 1/500s, ISO 1250.  Image processing was accomplished using Photoshop CS5 with Nik and PhotoKit Sharpener plugins.

Special thanks to Dr. Jack Skalicky for his identification of these Cowbirds and an introduction to their biology.

Additional information can be found in the excellent text entitled ‘The Sibley Guide to Bird Behavior’, D.A. Sibley (2001) and at the Smithsonian National Zoological Park website.

Copyright 2011 Peter F. Flynn. No usage permitted without prior written consent. All rights reserved.

GTNP 137 and Her Cubs

GTNP 137 is a Black Bear, Ursus americanus, living in the heavily forested part of the vast central area of Grand Teton National Park (GTNP) that lies between Jenny Lake to the west, and the Bridger-Teton National Forest to the East.  GTNP 137 is the tag this sow Black Bear wears on its right ear.  The tag on the left ear ends in 38, but I cannot get a clear view of any other letters/numbers, if there are any.

With this sow are two healthy yearling cubs.  Black Bear cubs only need to stay in the general vicinity of their mother, since when threatened they exhibit the most extraordinary defensive climbing skills.  Black Bear cubs seem to literally fly up trees, stopping at ~15 feet to evaluate danger before climbing higher or descending.  This behavior is quite distinct from that of Grizzly Bear cubs, which tumble along close behind their mother as they travel across relatively open meadows and plains.

Park biologists estimate that there are between 100 and 150 Black Bear in GTNP.  Since Black Bears favor densely forested areas pretty much exclusively, it is uncommon to see these animals whilst traveling along the Jackson Hole Highway, but we were at the right place at the right time (near Deadman’s Bar Road).  We work hard at getting lucky.

Seeing Black Bear, or just about any animal for that matter, takes a fair bit of determination.  Ask rangers for advice about where animals have recently been seen – and by that I mean, ask *all* the rangers you run into, since information about animal sightings tends to move slowly within the ranger network.  The folks that work at the main entrances tend to be a little out of the loop.  People you find at one animal sighting tend to be amongst the best sources of information – just ask what they’ve seen, where, when, etc – folks are generally very enthusiastic about sharing information.  Even if the information is a few hours old, it can be very valuable, since certain species, e.g., Bear and Moose, tend to hang around a particular site for several hours or even days.

Images in this entry were recorded between 08:00 and 09:00 on June 4, 2011, using the Nikon D3s, and the AF-S VR Zoom-NIKKOR 200-400mm f/4G IF-ED at mostly 400mm.  Exposures were at f5.6 and 1/800s, ISO 2500.  Image processing was accomplished using Photoshop CS5 with Nik and PhotoKit Sharpener plugins.

Copyright 2011 Peter F. Flynn. No usage permitted without prior written consent.  All rights reserved.